All entities

Character · Individual

Helen

Published entity metadata

Read-only identity and editorial metadata.

Canonical name
Helen
Disambiguator
None
Kind
Character
Scope
Individual
Editorial note
No editorial note published.

Aliases

1

Jove’s daughter Helen

Descriptive reference · Direct

Location presence

Phase 6 currently covers 24 processed books.

5
Troy1 observation
·Remembered

Helen remembers encountering Ulysses in Troy.

See evidence text
‘Menelaus, son of Atreus, and you my good friends, sons of honourable men (which is as Jove wills, for he is the giver both of good and evil, and can do what he chooses), feast here as you will, and listen while I tell you a tale in season. I cannot indeed name every single one of the exploits of Ulysses, but I can say what he did when he was before Troy, and you Achaeans were in all sorts of difficulties. He covered himself with wounds and bruises, dressed himself all in rags, and entered the enemy’s city looking like a menial or a beggar, and quite different from what he did when he was among his own people. In this disguise he entered the city of Troy, and no one said anything to him. I alone recognised him and began to question him, but he was too cunning for me. When, however, I had washed and anointed him and had given him clothes, and after I had sworn a solemn oath not to betray him to the Trojans till he had got safely back to his own camp and to the ships, he told me all that the Achaeans meant to do. He killed many Trojans and got much information before he reached the Argive camp, for all which things the Trojan women made lamentation, but for my own part I was glad, for my heart was beginning to yearn after my home, and I was unhappy about the wrong that Venus had done me in taking me over there, away from my country, my girl, and my lawful wedded husband, who is indeed by no means deficient either in person or understanding.’
·Direct

Helen lay beside Menelaus in the inner room.

See evidence text
On this Helen told the maid servants to set beds in the room that was in the gatehouse, and to make them with good red rugs, and spread coverlets on the top of them with woollen cloaks for the guests to wear. So the maids went out, carrying a torch, and made the beds, to which a man-servant presently conducted the strangers. Thus, then, did Telemachus and Pisistratus sleep there in the forecourt, while the son of Atreus lay in an inner room with lovely Helen by his side.
·Direct

Helen went into the fragrant store room with Menelaus.

See evidence text
When Menelaus heard this he immediately told his wife and servants to prepare a sufficient dinner from what there might be in the house. At this moment Eteoneus joined him, for he lived close by and had just got up; so Menelaus told him to light the fire and cook some meat, which he at once did. Then Menelaus went down into his fragrant store room, {130} not alone, but Helen went too, with Megapenthes. When he reached the place where the treasures of his house were kept, he selected a double cup, and told his son Megapenthes to bring also a silver mixing bowl. Meanwhile Helen went to the chest where she kept the lovely dresses which she had made with her own hands, and took out one that was largest and most beautifully enriched with embroidery; it glittered like a star, and lay at the very bottom of the chest. {131} Then they all came back through the house again till they got to Telemachus, and Menelaus said, ‘Telemachus, may Jove, the mighty husband of Juno, bring you safely home according to your desire. I will now present you with the finest and most precious piece of plate in all my house. It is a mixing bowl of pure silver, except the rim, which is inlaid with gold, and it is the work of Vulcan. Phaedimus king of the Sidonians made me a present of it in the course of a visit that I paid him while I was on my return home. I should like to give it to you.’
Menelaus’s house1 observation
·Direct

Helen came back through Menelaus’s house to Telemachus.

See evidence text
When Menelaus heard this he immediately told his wife and servants to prepare a sufficient dinner from what there might be in the house. At this moment Eteoneus joined him, for he lived close by and had just got up; so Menelaus told him to light the fire and cook some meat, which he at once did. Then Menelaus went down into his fragrant store room, {130} not alone, but Helen went too, with Megapenthes. When he reached the place where the treasures of his house were kept, he selected a double cup, and told his son Megapenthes to bring also a silver mixing bowl. Meanwhile Helen went to the chest where she kept the lovely dresses which she had made with her own hands, and took out one that was largest and most beautifully enriched with embroidery; it glittered like a star, and lay at the very bottom of the chest. {131} Then they all came back through the house again till they got to Telemachus, and Menelaus said, ‘Telemachus, may Jove, the mighty husband of Juno, bring you safely home according to your desire. I will now present you with the finest and most precious piece of plate in all my house. It is a mixing bowl of pure silver, except the rim, which is inlaid with gold, and it is the work of Vulcan. Phaedimus king of the Sidonians made me a present of it in the course of a visit that I paid him while I was on my return home. I should like to give it to you.’
Lacedaemon1 observation
·Remembered

Helen was present in Lacedaemon during Telemachus’s visit.

See evidence text
‘I will tell you then truth,’ replied her son. ‘We went to Pylos and saw Nestor, who took me to his house and treated me as hospitably as though I were a son of his own who had just returned after a long absence; so also did his sons; but he said he had not heard a word from any human being about Ulysses, whether he was alive or dead. He sent me, therefore, with a chariot and horses to Menelaus. There I saw Helen, for whose sake so many, both Argives and Trojans, were in heaven’s wisdom doomed to suffer. Menelaus asked me what it was that had brought me to Lacedaemon, and I told him the whole truth, whereon he said, ‘So, then, these cowards would usurp a brave man’s bed? A hind might as well lay her new-born young in the lair of a lion, and then go off to feed in the forest or in some grassy dell. The lion, when he comes back to his lair, will make short work with the pair of them, and so will Ulysses with these suitors. By father Jove, Minerva, and Apollo, if Ulysses is still the man that he was when he wrestled with Philomeleides in Lesbos, and threw him so heavily that all the Greeks cheered him—if he is still such, and were to come near these suitors, they would have a short shrift and a sorry wedding. As regards your question, however, I will not prevaricate nor deceive you, but what the old man of the sea told me, so much will I tell you in full. He said he could see Ulysses on an island sorrowing bitterly in the house of the nymph Calypso, who was keeping him prisoner, and he could not reach his home, for he had no ships nor sailors to take him over the sea.’ This was what Menelaus told me, and when I had heard his story I came away; the gods then gave me a fair wind and soon brought me safe home again.’

Claims

14
·Reported

Helen bore Hermione but was granted no more children.

See evidence text
heav en vouchsafed Helen no more children after she had borne Hermione, who was fair as golden Venus herself
·Simile

Helen descends from her high, vaulted, perfumed room looking as lovely as Diana.

See evidence text
Helen came down from her high vaulted and perfumed room, looking as lovely as Diana herself
·Direct

Helen calls herself most shameless when recalling the Achaeans’ war for her sake.

See evidence text
on account of my most shameless self
·Direct

Helen weeps at Menelaus’s words.

See evidence text
Helen wept
·Direct

Helen drugs the wine with an herb that banishes care, sorrow, and ill humor.

See evidence text
She drugged the wine with an herb that banishes all care, sorrow, and ill humour
·Remembered

Helen yearned for home and was unhappy that Venus had taken her away.

See evidence text
my heart was beginning to yearn after my home, and I was unhappy about the wrong that Venus had done me in taking me over there
·Remembered

Helen circles and pats the wooden horse three times, calls the hidden chiefs by name, and mimics their wives.

See evidence text
Three times did you go all round our hiding place and pat it; you called our chiefs each by his own name, and mimicked all our wives
·Direct

Helen selects the largest, most richly embroidered, star-glittering robe from the dresses she made herself.

See evidence text
Helen went to the chest where she kept the lovely dresses which she had made with her own hands, and took out one that was largest and most beautifully enriched with embroidery; it glittered like a star, and lay at the very bottom of the chest
·Direct

Lovely Helen stands nearby holding the robe ready in her hand.

See evidence text
Hard by stood lovely Helen with the robe ready in her hand
·Direct

Helen presents Telemachus with a keepsake made by her own hand.

See evidence text
have something for you as a keepsake from the hand of Helen
·Direct

Helen interprets the omen as heaven puts it into her heart.

See evidence text
I will read this matter as heaven has put it in my heart
·Remembered

Helen is remembered as the cause for whose sake many Argives and Trojans were doomed to suffer.

See evidence text
There I saw Helen, for whose sake so many, both Argives and Trojans, were in heaven’s wisdom doomed to suffer
·Remembered

Minerva recalls the nine-year Trojan struggle over Helen.

See evidence text
among the Trojans about the noble lady Helen
·Remembered

Penelope remembers that Heaven put wrongdoing into Helen’s heart and that it became the source of their sorrows.

See evidence text
Heaven put it in her heart to do wrong, and she gave no thought to that sin, which has been the source of all our sorrows

Additional evidence

Evidence records not already represented by a claim.

7
·Direct
heav en vouchsafed Helen no more children
·Remembered
for Helen’s sake
·Reported
Helen’s whole race
·Direct
leaving Helen in bed
·Reported
There I saw Helen
·Remembered
when you fought for nine long years among the Trojans about the noble lady Helen.
·Remembered
Jove’s daughter Helen would never have yielded herself to a man from a foreign country

Passage preview

Book 4 · Passage 1

They reached the low lying city of Lacedaemon, where they drove straight to the abode of Menelaus {36} [and found him in his own house, feasting with his many clansmen in honour of the wedding of his son, and also of his daughter, whom he was marrying to the son of that valiant warrior Achilles. He had given his consent and promised her to him while he was still at Troy, and now the gods were bringing the marriage about; so he was sending her with chariots and horses to the city of the Myrmidons over whom Achilles’ son was reigning. For his only son he had found a bride from Sparta, {37} the daughter of Alector. This son, Megapenthes, was born to him of a bondwoman, for heav en vouchsafed Helen no more children after she had borne Hermione, who was fair as golden Venus herself.